{"id":954,"date":"2026-07-05T07:02:55","date_gmt":"2026-07-05T07:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hyc.eshachem.com\/program\/?p=954"},"modified":"2026-07-05T07:03:14","modified_gmt":"2026-07-05T07:03:14","slug":"js-defensive-function","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hyc.eshachem.com\/program\/js-defensive-function\/","title":{"rendered":"TS &#8211; Defensive Function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9632\u79a6\u578b\u51fd\u5f0f Defensive Function<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e00\u7a2e\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08Defensive Programming\uff09\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u6709\u4eba\u641e\u7838\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5fd8\u8a18\u8a2d\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u6578\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8981\u5728\u6700\u524d\u7aef\u7bc9\u8d77\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u8b77\u7246\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u7121\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u5beb\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"JavaScript\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"javascript\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-javascript\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">function<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">getEnv<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">name: string<\/span>) <\/span>{\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> process.env[name]; <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u62ff\u4e86\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4e1f\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u62ff\u5230<\/span>\n}<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">JavaScript<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">javascript<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u958b\u767c\u7684\u4eba\u5fd8\u8a18\u5728 <code>.env<\/code> \u8a2d\u5b9a <code>DB_PASSWORD<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u7232\u6536\u5230 <code>undefined<\/code>\u6700\u5f8c\u5674\u51fa\u4e00\u500b <code>Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)<\/code> \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u6709\u9632\u79a6\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"JavaScript\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"javascript\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-javascript\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">function<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">getRequiredEnv<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">name: string<\/span>): <span class=\"hljs-title\">string<\/span> <\/span>{\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">const<\/span> value = process.env[name];\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> (!value) {\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">throw<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">new<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">Error<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">`Missing required env: <span class=\"hljs-subst\">${name}<\/span>`<\/span>); <span class=\"hljs-comment\">\/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f<\/span>\n  }\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> value;\n}<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">JavaScript<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">javascript<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u6f0f\u6389\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u555f\u52d5\u5c31\u6703\u99ac\u4e0a\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff1a<code>Missing required env: DB_PASSWORD<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\">\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%e4%bf%9d%e8%ad%89%e5%9b%9e%e5%82%b3\">\u4fdd\u8b49\u56de\u50b3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u53c3\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"JavaScript\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"javascript\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-javascript\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">function<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">func<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">value: string<\/span>): <span class=\"hljs-title\">string<\/span> <\/span>{\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> value;\n}<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">JavaScript<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">javascript<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7232\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981<code>func()<\/code>\u53f3\u908a\u9084\u8981\u5beb\u4e00\u500b<code>:string<\/code>\u5462\uff0c\u9019\u53eb\u505a<strong>\u4fdd\u8b49\u56de\u50b3\u578b\u5225<\/strong>\u3002<br>\u6709\u5728\u5bebTS\u7684\u4eba\u61c9\u8a72\u90fd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Argument of type \u2018string | undefined\u2019 is not assignable to parameter of type \u2018string\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u4fdd\u8b49\u56de\u50b3\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5b57\u4e32\uff0cTypeScript \u5c31\u6703\u8ddf\u4f60\u8aaa\u8b8a\u6578\u53ef\u80fd\u662f <code>string<\/code> \u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f <code>undefined<\/code>\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u62d2\u7d55\u7de8\u8b6f\u5c0e\u81f4\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9632\u79a6\u578b\u51fd\u5f0f Defensive Function \u4e00\u7a2e\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08Defensive Programming\uff09\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u6709\u4eba\u641e\u7838\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5fd8\u8a18\u8a2d\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u6578\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8981\u5728\u6700\u524d\u7aef\u7bc9\u8d77\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u8b77\u7246\u3002\u300d \u7121\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u5beb\u6cd5 \u5982\u679c\u958b\u767c\u7684\u4eba\u5fd8\u8a18\u5728 .env \u8a2d\u5b9a DB_PASSWORD\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u7232\u6536\u5230 undefined\u6700\u5f8c\u5674\u51fa\u4e00\u500b Access denied for user &#8216;root&#8217;@&#8217;localhost&#8217; (using password: NO) \u3002 \u6709\u9632\u79a6\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5 \u5982\u679c\u6f0f\u6389\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u555f\u52d5\u5c31\u6703\u99ac\u4e0a\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff1aMissing required env: DB_PASSWORD\u3002 \u4fdd\u8b49\u56de\u50b3 \u53c3\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff1a \u7232\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981func()\u53f3\u908a\u9084\u8981\u5beb\u4e00\u500b:string\u5462\uff0c\u9019\u53eb\u505a\u4fdd\u8b49\u56de\u50b3\u578b\u5225\u3002\u6709\u5728\u5bebTS\u7684\u4eba\u61c9\u8a72\u90fd\u5c0d\u9019\u500b\u932f\u8aa4\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\uff1a Argument of type \u2018string | undefined\u2019 is not assignable to parameter of type \u2018string\u2019. \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6c92\u6709\u4fdd\u8b49\u56de\u50b3\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5b57\u4e32\uff0cTypeScript \u5c31\u6703\u8ddf\u4f60\u8aaa\u8b8a\u6578\u53ef\u80fd\u662f string \u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f undefined\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u62d2\u7d55\u7de8\u8b6f\u5c0e\u81f4\u932f\u8aa4\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-front-end"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.10 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u9632\u79a6\u578b\u51fd\u5f0f Defensive Function \u4e00\u7a2e\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08Defensive Programming\uff09\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u6709\u4eba\u641e\u7838\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5fd8\u8a18\u8a2d\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u6578\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8981\u5728\u6700\u524d\u7aef\u7bc9\u8d77\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u8b77\u7246\u3002\u300d \u7121\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u5beb\u6cd5 function getEnv(name: string) { return process.env[name]; \/\/ \u62ff\u4e86\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4e1f\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u62ff\u5230 } \u5982\u679c\u958b\u767c\u7684\u4eba\u5fd8\u8a18\u5728 .env \u8a2d\u5b9a DB_PASSWORD\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u7232\u6536\u5230 undefined\u6700\u5f8c\u5674\u51fa\u4e00\u500b Access denied for user &#039;root&#039;@&#039;localhost&#039; (using password: NO) \u3002 \u6709\u9632\u79a6\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5 function getRequiredEnv(name: string): string { const value = process.env[name]; if (!value) { throw new Error(`Missing required env: ${name}`); \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f } return value; } \u5982\u679c\u6f0f\u6389\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u555f\u52d5\u5c31\u6703\u99ac\u4e0a\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff1aMissing\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"H.Y. 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\/\/ \u62ff\u4e86\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4e1f\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6709\u6c92\u6709\u62ff\u5230 } \u5982\u679c\u958b\u767c\u7684\u4eba\u5fd8\u8a18\u5728 .env \u8a2d\u5b9a DB_PASSWORD\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u56e0\u7232\u6536\u5230 undefined\u6700\u5f8c\u5674\u51fa\u4e00\u500b Access denied for user &#039;root&#039;@&#039;localhost&#039; (using password: NO) \u3002 \u6709\u9632\u79a6\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5 function getRequiredEnv(name: string): string { const value = process.env[name]; if (!value) { throw new Error(`Missing required env: ${name}`); \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u7fa9\u932f\u8aa4\u8a0a\u606f } return value; } \u5982\u679c\u6f0f\u6389\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u500b\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u7a0b\u5f0f\u5728\u555f\u52d5\u5c31\u6703\u99ac\u4e0a\u544a\u8a34\u4f60\uff1aMissing\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/hyc.eshachem.com\/program\/js-defensive-function\/\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/hyc.eshachem.com\/program\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/cropped-cropped-\u672a\u547d\u540d\u8a2d\u8a08-4.png\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:secure_url\" content=\"https:\/\/hyc.eshachem.com\/program\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/cropped-cropped-\u672a\u547d\u540d\u8a2d\u8a08-4.png\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"64\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"64\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-07-05T07:02:55+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-05T07:03:14+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"TS \u2013 Defensive Function - HyC Wiki\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"\u9632\u79a6\u578b\u51fd\u5f0f Defensive Function \u4e00\u7a2e\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u7a0b\u5f0f\u8a2d\u8a08\uff08Defensive Programming\uff09\u7684\u5beb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u4f86\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6211\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u4efb\u4f55\u5916\u90e8\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u6709\u4eba\u641e\u7838\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5fd8\u8a18\u8a2d\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u8b8a\u6578\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u8981\u5728\u6700\u524d\u7aef\u7bc9\u8d77\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u8b77\u7246\u3002\u300d \u7121\u9632\u79a6\u6027\u5beb\u6cd5 function getEnv(name: string) { return process.env[name]; 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